Chile is one of only two countries in South America that does not have a border with Brazil. The Pacific forms the country’s entire western border, with a coastline that stretches over 6,435 km. Chilean territory extends to the Pacific Ocean which includes the overseas territories of Juan Fernández Islands, the Sala y Gómez islands, the Desventuradas Islands and Easter Island located in Polynesia. Chile’s unusual, ribbon-like shape – 4,300 km long and on average 175 km wide – has given it a hugely varied climate, ranging from the world’s driest desert – the Atacama – in the north, through a Mediterranean climate in the centre, to a snow-prone Alpine climate in the south, with glaciers, fjords and lakes.

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